Introduction The area that this experiment investigates is memory. According to Blakemore memory can be defined as the 'retention of learning or experience'. The three processes of memory are registration, storage and retrieval. Ebbinghaus, who was the only participant in his study, conducted the first study of memory. Ebbinghaus found that 'memory declines sharply at first but then levels off'. He also highlighted the fact that memory is not the same at different times of the day. Bartlett argued against Ebbinghaus as he found that already existing knowledge of what is going on around us is the foundation of...
example, Tolman found evidence for cognitive maps. Shepard and Metzler 1971 demonstrated visual representation in an experiment where they showed subjects a visual image and then the same image rotated. The greater the rotation the longer it took for subjects to identify whether the object was the same as the original stimulus. This means that they must have some visual representation, which they were rotating in their mind.

The evidence presented here shows that there are many different types of memory and suggests that advice about memory needs to be different for different kinds of memory.